Infertility is defined by the World Health Organization as the inability to conceive after more than two years of unprotected intercourse. Worldwide, 10-14% of couples in the reproductive age group face difficulty in conceiving. However, if the woman is more than 35 years old, she should consult an infertility specialist if she has not conceived within a year of trying. Both male and female factors contribute to infertility. About 40% of infertility cases are due to a male factor problem while 40% are due to problems with the female partner. The remaining are due to a combination of male and female factors. The main causes of infertility are -